YM-Thermodynamics 2024, 33: Thermomagnetic Effect

The effects of a deformation of the deconfining thermalized SU(2) YM-system by a static, spatial temperature distribution can be described analytically. The idea at the base of this assumption are the Seebeck effect and thermo-electric effect. The deconfining thermal SU(2) YM-ground state comprises of an entire mass spectrum of short-lived magnetic charges, the a dual phenomenon in which a static temperature gradient induces a static magnetic field by virtue of the ground-state medium being populated by magnetic charge carriers.

Starting from the U(1) subgroup of SU(2), an adiabatic approximation for the effective ground-state physics, assume that the spatial variation of he ground state induced by the temperature distribution T(x) is an expression of the modulus of the field ϕ. A result of inhomogeneous, anisotropic ground-state physics, the contribution of massless modes to an overall static U(1) B-field occurs via small radiative corrections induced by heavy TLH-modes, which then determine the dispersion law for massless modes modified via the position dependence of the induced TLH mass. This effect is very small, so the influences of thermal excitations in the generation of the B-field can be neglected. For the adiabatic approximation to be reliable, the energy density of the magnetic field needs to be locally smaller than the energy density of the thermal ground-state estimate.